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Policy Research and Resources

Shared Hope International proactively supports the legislative, law enforcement, and social services communities with timely and effective reports, studies, surveys and exemplary legislation aimed at eradicating human trafficking.

5 Specific Areas of resources are listed below, however we suggest you review all of our resources as there is much cross over between concepts.

Influencing Federal and State Policy

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Protected Innocence Challenge
(2016) This comprehensive law analysis provides an annual Report Card on the sufficiency of child sex trafficking laws in each state and recommendations for improvement.
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2016 Year End Progress Report
Two page report highlights important legislation passed by states during the 2015-2016 legislative session.
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National State Law Survey Charts
National State Law Surveys identify state-by-state the enactment of laws satisfying specific components of the Protected Innocence Challenge Legislative Framework.
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Law Review Article: A Legislative Framework for Combating Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking
(2011) Linda Smith & Samantha Healy Vardaman | Regent University Law Review
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Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe U.S. Helsinki Commission
(2006) Congressional Testimony
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House Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security
(2010) Congressional Testimony
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State Impact Memo
(2016) Summarizes provisions of the Justice for Victims of Trafficking Act and the Preventing Sex Trafficking and Strengthening Families Act.
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2016 Mid-Year Progress Report
Two page summary released mid-year highlights important legislation passed by states during the first half of the 2015-2016 legislative sessions.
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Issue Briefs
The 41 components of the Protected Innocence Challenge Legislative Framework including examples of well-crafted state laws.
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Committee on Foreign Affairs, Subcommittee on International Organizations, Human Rights and Oversight
(2009) Congressional Testimony
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Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission of the U.S. House of Representatives
(2010) Congressional Testimony
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Victim's Access to Services

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JuST Response Protective Response Model
(2016) A protective response model to juvenile sex trafficking encompasses state and federal statutes, system protocol and implementation, access to available service and community resources, and outcome measurements to evaluate effectiveness in identifying, responding to, and preventing further harm.
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Policy Paper: Non-Criminalization of Juvenile Sex Trafficking Victims
(2016) Discussing the social and legal importance of ending criminalization of minors for prostitution offenses.
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Fact Sheet

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Traffic Stop
Findings from the National Colloquium 2013: Juvenile Justice and Child Welfare Process and Placement for Juvenile Sex Trafficking Survivors; providing insight on current trends for state child serving agency response to domestic minor sex trafficking.
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Statutory Protective Responses to Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking Victims
(2013) Mapping the statutory structure of service and placement responses to sex trafficking victims to inform promising approaches, pervasive challenges and the need to establish new systems instead of changing existing systems.
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Justice for Juveniles: A Field Guidance Report
(2016) Exploring Non-Criminal Response Mechanisms for Child Sex Trafficking.
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Justice for Juveniles: A Field Guidance Report
(2015) A Review of Current Statutes, Systems, and Services Responses to Juvenile Sex Trafficking.
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Policy Paper: Eliminating the Third Party Control Barrier to Identifying Juvenile Sex Trafficking Victims
(2015) The impact of defining sex trafficking to include all cases of commercial sexual exploitation of minors.
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Full Policy Paper | Fact Sheet

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National Colloquium 2012 Report
(2013) Perspectives from over 100 provider, survivor, government, advocacy, and funding experts on trends and barriers to secure restorative shelter and services for juvenile sex trafficking victims.
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Full Report

Ending Demand

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Demanding Justice Report
(2014) Information on the demand for sex acts with children, criminal justice enforcement outcomes of commercial sexual exploitation of children (CSEC) cases, and the challenges and successes of anti-demand enforcement methods.
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Demanding Justice Report Fact Sheet
(2014) Research Findings and Statistics
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Demanding Justice Benchmark Assessment
(2013) An initial assessment of the criminal consequences for those who purchase sex with a minor in the United States since 2008.
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Amicus Brief: In Support of Sentencing
(2014) United States of America v. Laura Evet Lambden and Ben Allen Riggs | Oregon
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Law Review Article: The Problem of Demand in Combating Sex Trafficking
(2010) Linda Smith & Samantha Healy Vardaman | The International Review of Penal Law
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Demanding Justice Arizona
(2015) A Field Assessment of Demand Deterrence and Enforcement and Justice for Victims.
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Demanding Justice Infographic
(2014) Our Findings in Infographic Form
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DEMAND
(2007) A Comparative Examination of Sex Tourism and Trafficking in Jamaica, Japan, the Netherlands, and the United States.
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Law Review Article: Prosecuting Demand as a Crime of Human Trafficking
(2013) The Eighth Circuit Court Decision in United States v. Jungers - Samantha Healy Vardaman & Christine Raino | University of Memphis Law Review
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Combating Child Sex Trafficking Online

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Amicus Brief in Support of Petition for Writ of Certiorari
Lester Gerard Packinghman V. State of North Carolina | U.S. Supreme Court | January 24, 2017
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Amicus Brief in Support of Petition for Writ of Certiorari
Does v. Backpage.com | U.S. Supreme Court | September 29, 2016
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Consolidated Filings: In Support of Child Sex Trafficking Victims Seeking Justice Against Backpage
J.S., S.L., L.C., v. Backpage.com | Washington | September 2014
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Written Remarks: Facilitation of Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking
(2013) A Memorandom from Shared Hope International to Members of the Arizona Governor's Task Force
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Amicus Brief: In Support of Child Trafficking Victims Seeking Justice Against Backpage
Jane Doe 1, Jane Doe 2, Jane Doe 3 v. Backpage.com | Massachusetts | October 15, 2015
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Amicus Brief of National Crime Victim Law Institute, Shared Hope International, Covenant House, and Human Rights Project for Girls
J.S., S.L., and L.C. v. Village Voice Media Holdings, L.L.C. d/b/a Backpage.com; BACKPAGE.COM, L.L.C.; and NEW TIMES MEDIA, L.L.C., d/b/a Backpage.com (2014)
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White Paper: Online Facilitation of Domestic Sex Trafficking
(2014) A White Paper discussing the worst offenders and general discussion on online facilitators.
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Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking Research

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The US Mid-Term Review on the Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children in America
(2006) The report evaluated best practices, gaps in current efforts and challenges faced in the field to serve as a milestone in continuing progress and a benchmark for measuring success.
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The National Report on Domestic Sex Trafficking
(2009) America's Prostituted Children - An Investigation into Child Sex Trafficking.
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Promising Practices in Combatting Juvenile Sex Trafficking Surrounding Large Events and Beyond
(2016) Proactive, inter-agency, multidisciplinary collaboration has proven helpful in effectively addressing human trafficking surrounding large events, such as the Super Bowl.
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Field Assessments on Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking (2009-2011)

Field assessments measure and evaluate the access to and delivery of services for victims in a community.

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